What Is An Ankle Sprain?

An ankle sprain is a common injury that occurs when the ligaments that connect the bones in the ankle joint are stretched or torn. It is usually caused by twisting or turning the ankle in an awkward manner, causing damage to the ligaments. Ankle sprains can range from mild to severe, with symptoms including pain, swelling, bruising, and difficulty moving the ankle. The severity of the sprain will determine the appropriate treatment, which can range from rest and ice to physical therapy or surgery in severe cases. It is important to seek medical attention for an ankle sprain to ensure proper healing and to prevent long-term complications.

Symptoms

  • Pain around the ankle joint
  • Swelling or bruising on or around the ankle
  • Difficulty walking or bearing weight on the affected ankle
  • Stiffness in the ankle joint
  • Limited range of motion in the ankle joint
  • Tenderness to the touch around the ankle
  • Inability to perform activities that involve standing, walking or running
  • A popping or tearing sound at the time of injury
  • Redness or warmth in the affected area

What Are The Treatment Options For Ankle Sprains?

The treatment options for ankle sprains depend on the severity of the injury. Resting the affected ankle is the first step in treating an ankle sprain, as further activity can worsen the injury. Applying ice to the affected area for 20 minutes every few hours can help reduce swelling and pain. Wrapping the affected ankle with an elastic bandage can help reduce swelling and provide support, while elevating the ankle above the level of the heart can also help reduce swelling. Over-the-counter pain relievers such as ibuprofen or acetaminophen can help reduce pain. Once the swelling and pain have subsided, rehabilitation exercises such as stretching, range-of-motion exercises, and strengthening exercises can help restore the ankle’s function. Wearing a brace or tape on the affected ankle can help provide support and prevent re-injury. In severe cases, surgery may be necessary to repair or reconstruct the damaged ligaments, but surgery is usually only considered in cases where conservative treatment has failed.

TIPS & INFO

Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ's)

Ankle sprains are classified into three grades:

Grade 1 (Mild): Slight stretching or microscopic tearing of ligaments.

Grade 2 (Moderate): Partial tearing of ligaments.

Grade 3 (Severe): Complete tear of a ligament.

For mild sprains, the R.I.C.E. method is recommended:

Rest: Avoid activities that cause pain.

Ice: Apply ice packs to reduce swelling.

Compression: Use an elastic bandage to control swelling.

Elevation: Keep the ankle raised above heart level.

Recovery time varies:

Grade 1: 1–2 weeks.

Grade 2: 2–6 weeks.

Grade 3: 6–12 weeks or more.

Yes, strengthening exercises, balance training, and wearing appropriate footwear can reduce the risk of re-injury.
Physical therapy can be beneficial, especially for moderate to severe sprains, to restore strength, flexibility, and proprioception.

Signs include inability to bear weight, significant swelling, bruising, and a popping sound at the time of injury.

Return to sports should be gradual and based on pain levels, strength, and stability. Consult a healthcare provider before resuming athletic activities.