What Are Elbow Fractures?

Elbow fractures can occur due to various reasons, including trauma. This can be the result of a fall on an outstretched arm, a direct blow to the elbow, or an abnormal twist to the joint beyond its functional limit.

Types Of Elbow Fractures?

  1. Radial head and neck fractures: These are fractures that occur in the head portion of the radius bone.
  2. Olecranon fractures: These are the most common elbow fractures and occur at the bony prominence of the ulna.
  3. Distal humerus fractures: These fractures are common in children and the elderly. Nerves and arteries in the joint may sometimes be injured in these fractures.
  4. Coronoid fractures: These fractures occur in the front part of the ulna and are often associated with other elbow injuries.
  5. Supracondylar fractures: These are fractures that occur above the elbow joint and are commonly seen in children.

Symptoms

Symptoms of an elbow fracture may include pain, stiffness, swelling, and bruising in and around the elbow. A popping or cracking sound may also be heard at the time of the injury. In addition, patients may experience numbness or weakness in the arm, wrist, and hand, and there may be a visible deformity of the elbow bones.

In order to diagnose an elbow fracture, a medical professional will typically gather information on the patient’s medical history, perform a comprehensive physical examination, and request X-rays of the affected joint. If further details of the joint surface are required, a CT scan may be recommended.

Treatment

The goal of treating an elbow fracture is to achieve early motion and reduce the risk of stiffness. Non-surgical treatment options may include pain medication, ice application, immobilization of the elbow using a splint or sling, and physical therapy to aid recovery.Surgery may be necessary for displaced or open fractures to reposition the bones and stabilize the joint using screws, plates, pins, or wires. Strengthening exercises may also be recommended to improve range of motion.